Morphine in US EMS protocols
Includes 4 agencies outside the US.
| Indication | Spread: box is the middle half, dot means most agree | Range |
|---|---|---|
| ACS / chest pain Adult | Most use 2 mg range 1 to 5 mg, n=32 | |
| Adult, weight-based | 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg median 0.1, n=5 | |
| Burns Adult | Most use 2 mg range 2 to 5 mg, n=10 | |
| Pediatric, weight-based | 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg median 0.1, n=7 | |
| CHF / pulmonary edema Adult | Most use 2 mg range 1 to 2 mg, n=9 | |
| Pediatric, weight-based | Most use 0.1 mg/kg range 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg, n=6 | |
| Other Adult | 1 to 5 mg median 2, n=46 | |
| Adult, weight-based | Most use 0.1 mg/kg range 0.05 to 0.2 mg/kg, n=13 | |
| Pediatric, weight-based | Most use 0.1 mg/kg range 0.05 to 0.2 mg/kg, n=45 | |
| Mild to moderate pain Adult | 1 to 6 mg median 2, n=85 | |
| Adult, weight-based | Most use 0.1 mg/kg range 0.05 to 0.15 mg/kg, n=34 | |
| Pediatric, weight-based | Most use 0.1 mg/kg range 0.05 to 0.15 mg/kg, n=96 | |
| Severe pain Adult | 2 to 4 mg median 2, n=15 | |
| Adult, weight-based | All use 0.1 mg/kg matches NASEMSO n=10 | |
| Pediatric, weight-based | Most use 0.1 mg/kg matches NASEMSO range 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg, n=21 | |
| Post-intubation sedation Adult | 1 to 4 mg median 4, n=5 | |
| Adult, weight-based | Most use 0.1 mg/kg range 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg, n=7 | |
| Pediatric, weight-based | Most use 0.1 mg/kg range 0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg, n=9 |
Too few protocols to chart yet (protocols in brackets): Atrial fibrillation with RVR (1), Crush injury (1), Obstetric hemorrhage (1), Procedural sedation (6), Respiratory distress (1), RSI induction (1), STEMI (3), Trauma / hemorrhage (2)
Doses far off from what other protocols give are likely misreads, so they are left out until checked. How that works.
Named agencies with a page133
Agencies whose protocols are a public record are named here. Their own doses are on their own pages; this list carries no values.
- Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati
- Ada County-City Emergency Services System
- Adams, Benton, Franklin, Yakima Counties
- Alabama Department of Public Health Office of Emergency Medical Services
- Ambulance Victoria
- Anderson County Emergency Medical Services
- Annaville Fire Department
- Arizona Department of Health Services
- BC Emergency Health Services
- Benbrook Fire Department
- Berkeley County EMS
- Berrien County Medical Control Authority
- BEST EMS
- Boulder County Protocol Committee
- Brilliant Fire Department
- Brunswick County EMS
- Cabarrus County EMS
- Calhoun County EMS System
- Campbell County Emergency Medical Service
- Central Arizona Regional EMS
- Central California Emergency Medical Services
- Charleston County EMS
- Chaves County EMS
- Chelan/Douglas/Okanogan/Grant County
- Clark County EMS System
- Coastal Valleys EMS Agency
- Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde Department of Emergency Services
- Coos County Emergency Medical Services
- County of San Diego Emergency Medical Services
- Cowlitz County EMS Council
- Craven, Jones, Pamlico Counties EMS
- Davidson County Emergency Services
- DC Fire and EMS
- Department of Aviation Medicine
- Department of Health Services, County of Los Angeles
- East Baton Rouge Parish Department of Emergency Medical Services
- EMS Region VII Bioterrorism and All Hazards Preparedness Committee
- Escambia County Emergency Medical Services
- Fairfax County Fire and Rescue Department
- FirstHealth of the Carolinas
- Franklin County Emergency Medical Services
- Galveston Area Ambulance Authority
- Grant County
- Greater Elgin Area EMS System
- Greenville County Emergency Medical Services
- Hays County ESD 9 EMS
- Haywood County EMS System
- Hunt County EMS
- Idaho EMS Physician Commission
- Illinois Region VIII Emergency Medical Services
- Kentucky Board of Emergency Medical Services
- Kern County Public Health
- Lake County Emergency Medical System
- Lake Emergency Medical System
- Lane County Medical Control Board
- Laurens County Emergency Medical Services
- Levy County Department of Public Safety
- Lincoln County EMS
- Manatee County Emergency Medical Services
- County of Marin EMS
- Marion County
- Maryland Institute for Emergency Medical Services Systems
- Massachusetts Office of Emergency Medical Services
- Mauston Area Ambulance
- McKinney Fire Department
- Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) / Midland Gladwin MCA
- Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) / West Michigan Regional MCC
- Ministry of Health, Emergency Health Regulatory and Accountability Branch
- Miramar Fire Rescue Department
- Montana Board of Medical Examiners
- Mountain West Ambulance
- Nash County Emergency Medical Services
- National Emergency Medical Services
- Nebraska Medicine Division of Prehospital and Emergency Medical Services
- Nevada EMS Program
- New Hampshire Bureau of Emergency Medical Services
- New Jersey Department of Health
- New Mexico EMS Bureau
- New York State Department of Health, Bureau of Emergency Medical Services and Trauma Systems
- North Carolina Office of Emergency Medical Services (NC OEMS)
- North Central Oregon EMS Agencies
- Northeast Ohio Regional EMS Protocol Committee
- Northeastern Montana Stat Air Ambulance Cooperative
- Northwest Arkansas Regional EMS
- Northwest Community EMS System
- Northwest Region Emergency Medical Services & Trauma Care Council
- Norton Sound Health Corporation
- Nueces County ESD4
- Oakland County Medical Control Authority
- OCEMS
- Oklahoma State Department of Health
- Old Dominion EMS Alliance, Inc.
- Osage Ambulance District
- Pend Oreille County Emergency Medical Services
- Peninsulas EMS Council, Inc.
- Pennsylvania Department of Health, Bureau of Emergency Medical Services
- Pettis County Ambulance District
- Platte Valley Ambulance Service
- Portland Metro Five County Emergency Medical System
- Queensland Ambulance Service
- Region 4 EMS
- Region One Metropolitan Ambulance Council
- Region One Metropolitan Ambulance Council (MAC)
- Regional Emergency Medical Advisory Committee of New York City
- County of Riverside EMS Agency
- Routt County EMS
- Rowan County Emergency Services EMS Division
- Salem Fire Department
- Salt Lake County EMS
- Santa Cruz County EMS Agency
- South Carolina Department of Public Health (DPH) Division of EMS
- South Plains Emergency Medical Services
- Southern Fox Valley EMS System
- Spokane County EMS
- Stanislaus County Emergency Medical Services Agency
- Stanly County EMS
- State Board of Emergency Medical, Fire, and Transportation Services
- State of Hawaiʻi Department of Health, Emergency Medical Services & Injury Prevention System Branch
- State of Nebraska
- Stevens County Emergency Medical Services
- Susquehanna Regional EMS
- Three Rivers Ambulance Authority & Fort Wayne Fire Department
- Tidewater Emergency Medical Services Council, Inc.
- Tri-County Emergency Medical Control Authority
- Tri County Emergency Medical Services, Inc.
- Utah Department of Public Safety, Bureau of Emergency Medical Services
- Vermont Department of Health
- Virgin Islands Fire & Emergency Medical Services
- Wake County EMS System
- Washington County Emergency Medical Services
- Weber County Paramedic Program
- West Virginia Department of Health, Office of Emergency Medical Services
- Wilson County Emergency Management Agency
Cite this
United States EMS Protocol Census, Morphine: n=161 protocols from 135 named agencies / 48 states, as of 2026-10-31